How does irony differ from sarcasm?

The distinction between irony and sarcasm lies primarily in their definitions and usage. Irony refers to a situation where there is a notable difference between what is expected and what actually occurs. This contrast can manifest in various forms, such as situational irony, dramatic irony, or verbal irony.

Sarcasm, on the other hand, is a specific form of verbal irony that is employed to mock or express contempt. When someone uses sarcasm, they often say something that is apparent in its contradiction to their true feelings or the reality of the situation, with the intent of ridiculing or belittling.

For example, if it is raining heavily and someone comments, "What lovely weather we're having," they are employing sarcasm by saying the opposite of what they mean. This usage is particularly pointed and often carries a biting tone. In contrast, irony might simply point out the unexpected nature of an event without the same intention to mock.

This understanding clarifies why recognizing the difference between general irony and the more pointed, mocking nature of sarcasm is essential in interpreting language effectively. The other choices do not capture this nuanced differentiation and therefore do not provide an accurate distinction between the two concepts.