What effect does using an unreliable narrator have on a story?

Using an unreliable narrator significantly enhances the elements of suspense and intrigue within a story. An unreliable narrator presents a perspective that cannot be wholly trusted, leading readers to question the validity of the information provided. This uncertainty compels readers to engage more actively with the text, piecing together clues and forming their own interpretations of the narrative. The tension generated by the narrator’s possible deceit or limited understanding keeps the audience invested in uncovering the truth, making the storytelling experience more dynamic and engaging.

The other options do not capture the primary effect of an unreliable narrator. Clear guidance isn't typically provided, as the complexity introduced by the narrator’s unreliability tends to obfuscate rather than clarify the narrative. Ensuring factual accuracy is contradictory to the very nature of an unreliable narrator, who may distort or misrepresent facts. Additionally, rather than reducing complexity, an unreliable narrator often adds layers to the narrative, inviting deeper analysis and interpretation.